The Authoress of the Odyssey, by Samuel Butler, [1922], at sacred-texts.com
The Authoress of the Odyssey, by Samuel Butler, [1922], at sacred-texts.com
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CHAPTER I |
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IMPORTANCE OF THE ENQUIRY—THE STEPS WHEREBY I WAS LED TO MY CONCLUSIONS—THE MULTITUDE OF EARLY GREEK POETESSES REMOVES ANY à priori DIFFICULTY—THE MUSES AND MINERVA AS HEADS OF LITERATURE—MAN, RATHER THAN WOMAN, THE INTERLOPER Page | ||
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CHAPTER II |
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THE STORY OF THE ODYSSEY | ||
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Book i. |
The council of the gods—Telemachus and the suitors in the house of Ulysses | |
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Book ii. |
Assembly of the people of Ithaca—Telemachus starts for Pylos | |
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Book iii. |
Telemachus at the house of Nestor | |
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Book iv. |
Telemachus at the house of Menelaus—The suitors resolve to lie in wait for him as he returns, and murder him | |
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Book v. |
Ulysses in the island of Calypso—He leaves the island on a raft, and after great suffering reaches the land of the Phæacians | |
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Book vi. |
The meeting between Ulysses and Nausicaa | |
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Book vii. |
The splendours of the house of King Alcinous—Queen Arete wants to know how Ulysses got his shirt and cloak, for she knows them as her own work. Ulysses explains | |
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Book viii. |
The Phæacian games and banquet in honour of Ulysses | |
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Book ix. |
The voyages of Ulysses—The Cicons, Lotus-eaters, and the Cyclops Polyphemus | |
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Book x. |
Æolus—The Læstrygonians—Circe | |
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Book xi. |
Ulysses in the house of Hades | |
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Book xii. |
The Sirens—Scylla and Charybdis—The cattle of the Sun | |
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Book xiii. |
Ulysses is taken back to Ithaca by the Phæacians Page | |
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Book xiv. |
Ulysses in the hut of Eumæus | |
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Book xv. |
Telemachus returns from Pylos, and on landing goes to the hut of Eumæus | |
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Book xvi. |
Ulysses and Telemachus become known to one another | |
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Book xvii. |
Telemachus goes to the town, and is followed by Eumæus and Ulysses, who is maltreated by the suitors | |
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Book xviii. |
The fight between Ulysses and Irus—The suitors make presents to Penelope—and ill-treat Ulysses | |
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Book xix. |
Ulysses converses with Penelope, and is recognised by Euryclea | |
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Book xx. |
Ulysses converses with Eumæus, and with his herdsman Philœtius—The suitors again maltreat him—Theoclymenus foretells their doom and leaves the house | |
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Book xxi. |
The trial of the bow and of the axes | |
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Book xxii. |
The killing of the suitors | |
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Book xxiii. |
Penelope comes down to see Ulysses, and being at last convinced that he is her husband, retires with him to their own old room—In the morning Ulysses, Telemachus, Philœtius, and Eumæus go to the house of Laertes | |
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Book xxiv. |
The Ghosts of the suitors in Hades—Ulysses sees his father—is attacked by the friends of the suitors—Laertes kills Eupeithes—Peace is made between him and the people of Ithaca | |
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CHAPTER III |
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THE PREPONDERANCE OF WOMAN IN THE ODYSSEY | ||
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CHAPTER IV |
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JEALOUSY FOR THE HONOUR AND DIGNITY OF WOMAN—SEVERITY AGAINST THOSE WHO HAVE DISGRACED THEIR SEX—LOVE OF SMALL RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCES—OF PREACHING—OF WHITE LIES AND SMALL PLAY-ACTING—OF HAVING THINGS BOTH WAYS—AND OF MONEY | ||
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CHAPTER V |
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ON THE QUESTION WHETHER OR NO PENELOPE IS BEING WHITEWASHED Page | ||
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CHAPTER VI |
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FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE CHARACTER OF PENELOPE—THE JOURNEY OF TELEMACHUS TO LACEDÆMON | ||
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CHAPTER VII |
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FURTHER INDICATIONS THAT THE WRITER IS A WOMAN—YOUNG, HEADSTRONG, AND UNMARRIED | ||
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CHAPTER VIII |
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THAT ITHACA AND SCHERIA ARE BOTH OF THEM DRAWN FROM TRAPANI AND ITS IMMEDIATE NEIGHBOURHOOD | ||
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CHAPTER IX |
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THE IONIAN AND THE ÆGADEAN ISLANDS—THE VOYAGES OF ULYSSES SHOWN TO BE PRACTICALLY A SAIL ROUND SICILY FROM TRAPANI TO TRAPANI | ||
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CHAPTER X |
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FURTHER DETAILS REGARDING THE VOYAGES OF ULYSSES, TO CONFIRM THE VIEW THAT THEY WERE A SAIL ROUND SICILY, BEGINNING AND ENDING WITH MT. ERYX AND TRAPANI | ||
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CHAPTER XI |
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WHO WAS THE WRITER? | ||
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CHAPTER XII |
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THE DATE OF THE POEM, AND A COMPARISON OF THE STATE OF THE NORTH WESTERN PART OF SICILY AS REVEALED TO US IN THE ODYSSEY, WITH THE ACCOUNT GIVEN BY THUCYDIDES OF THE SAME TERRITORY IN THE EARLIEST KNOWN TIMES | ||
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CHAPTER XIII |
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FURTHER EVIDENCE IN SUPPORT OF AN EARLY IONIAN SETTLEMENT AT OR CLOSE TO TRAPANI | ||
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CHAPTER XIV |
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THAT THE ILIAD WHICH THE WRITER OF THE ODYSSEY KNEW WAS THE SAME AS WHAT WE NOW HAVE Page | ||
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CHAPTER XV |
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THE ODYSSEY IN ITS RELATION TO THE OTHER POEMS OF THE TROJAN CYCLE, AND ITS DEVELOPMENT IN THE HANDS OF THE AUTHORESS | ||
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CHAPTER XVI |
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CONCLUSION | ||