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Zetetic Astronomy, by 'Parallax' (pseud. Samuel Birley Rowbotham), [1881], at sacred-texts.com


p. ix

LIST OF DIAGRAMS.

FIG.

PAGE

1.--Showing that if the earth is a globe every part of the surface of standing water must be an arc of a circle

9

2.--Showing that if the earth is a globe the surface of six miles length of water would be six feet higher in the centre than at the two extremities

12

3.--Showing that by an experiment made on the "Old Bedford," the surface of water for six miles was not convex but horizontal

13

4.--Showing by an experiment made with six flags placed one statute mile from each other, along the edge of the water, that the surface of the water was absolutely horizontal

13

5.--Showing the form the six flags must represent if the earth is a globe

14

6.--Explaining a strange phenomenon

16

7.--Representing an experiment with a theodolite between Welney Bridge and Old Bedford Bridge

17

8.--Ditto

17

9.--Describing the "forward process of levelling"

18

10.--Ditto

19

11.--Ditto

20

12.--Experiments with telescope at Old Bedford Sluice Bridge in 1870

21

13.--Ditto

22

14.--Showing that the water between the Western Pier at Brighton and the Pier at Worthing is horizontal throughout the whole length of ten miles

23

15.--Showing that if the earth is a globe it would be higher in the centre than at either extremity

23

16.--Appearance of the sea horizon

24

17.--How to prove the sea horizon to be straight

24

18.--Showing how the sea horizon must gradually decline from the centre if the earth is a globe

25

19.--The true form of the sea horizon determined by the cross-hair of a theodolite

26

20.--Ditto

26

21.--The coast of North Wales as it appears to the naked eye

27

22.--How it must appear if the earth is a globe

27

p. x

 

FIG.

PAGE

23.--Showing a vessel in the centre of St. George's Channel, between the Holyhead Light and the Poolbeg Light, each light being visible to the passengers at thirty miles distance

28

24.--Showing that if the earth is a globe both lights must always be below the horizon

29

25.--The sea horizon as defined on a plane mirror

36

26.--Earth and sky as seen from a balloon

38

27.--Experiments with a quadrant on the eastern pier at Brighton

39

28.--Ditto

39

29.--The appearance the horizon must present from the car of a balloon at an altitude of two miles, if the earth is a globe

40

30.--The different degrees of horizontal depression below the cross-hair of different theodolites

41

31.--Ditto

41

32. Showing that right lines running parallel to each other appear to approach in the distance

44

33.--Showing an arc of a circle diverging from a straight line, and the impossibility of the two appearing to meet

45

34.--Contracted section of the London and North Western Railway, showing an absolutely straight datum line of 180 miles, and thereby proving the earth to be a plane

47

35.--Ditto, showing that if the earth is a globe the datum line will be the chord of an arc

47

36.--The tunnel under Mont Fréjus, showing the datum line parallel with the sea level

51

37.--Ditto, showing the datum line at a tangent to the sea, as it must be if the earth is a globe

52

38.--The Suez Canal, showing the surface of the water parallel with the horizontal datum line

54

39.--The Suez Canal, showing the water in the centre as the summit of an arc of a circle 1600 feet above the level of the Mediterranean and Red Seas

54

40.--Section of the bed of the Atlantic Ocean from Valencia to Trinity Bay, as surveyed for the laying of the cable, showing that the surface of the great waters of the earth is horizontal

55

41.--Ditto, representing the arc of water which would be apparent if the earth is a globe

55

42.--The difference between the theory of rotundity and the results of actual survey

58

43.--Ditto

58

44.--Experiment with a clinometer at Brighton, proving the earth to be a plane, by the apparent ascent of the surface of the water until it intercepts the line of sight

60

45.--Ditto, the appearance the water would present upon a globular surface

61

46.--Showing that a ball dropped from the mast of a ship, if acted  upon by two forces, will take a diagonal course

62

47.--Showing that a ball thrown upwards from the mast of a ship will fall hack to the masthead, and pass downwards to the foot of the mast

64

48.--Showing the same results will follow on throwing a ball upwards from a railway carriage when in rapid motion

65

p. xi

 

FIG.

PAGE

49.--Showing how a ball will fall back upon the mouth of a cannon if discharged upwards from a stationary gun, also the direction it would take if the gun moved with the supposed velocity of  the earth

66

50.--Illustrating the path of a ball if fired from a cannon placed upon the earth at rest, also the distance the ball would fly from the conjoint action of the powder in the cannon and the earth's supposed rotation

72

51.--Section of a globe surrounded with an atmosphere

75

52.--Apparatus for observing a fixed star, and obtaining proof that the earth has no orbital motion

80

53--The earth's elliptical path round the sun, according to the Copernican theory of terrestrial motions

81

54.--The earth's surface

90

55.--Sectional view of the earth's surface

90

56.--Simple process of ascertaining the true distance of the sun

99

57.--Measuring Nelson's Monument at Great Yarmouth

101

58.--Method of measuring altitude by "construction"

103

59.--The course of the sun

106

60.--The sun's peculiar path

109

61.--Illustrating the cause of day and night

112

62.--Ditto

113

63. Illustrating the cause of sunrise and sunset by the law of perspective--a row of lamps

125

64.--The morning and evening horizon

125

65.--The phenomena of sunrise and sunset, illustrated by a lamp fixed near the top of a tunnel

126

66.--Morning, forenoon, noon, afternoon, and evening positions of the sun

129

67.--The star Polaris with the line of sight above it

172

68.--Ditto with the line of sight below it

173

69.--Sectional view of the earth as a large and irregular floating mass, with volcanic craters or outlets of the great fiery gulphs below

189

70.--The actual position of the earth in the universe, as evolved by the Zetetic process of investigation

195

71. Diagram illustrating the law of perspective

202

72.--Ditto

202

73.--Ditto

204

74.--Ditto

204

75.--Ditto

205

76.--Ditto

206

77.--Ditto

207

78.--Ditto

208

79.--Ditto

209

80.--Ditto

209

81.--Ditto

210

82.--Ditto

210

83.--Ditto

211

84.--Ditto

212

85.--Ditto

220

86.--Showing how to circumnavigate the globe

224

87.--A dipping needle on the equator

227

p. xii

 

FIG.

PAGE

88.--Showing loss of time in sailing westward

229

89.--Sir John F. Herschel's diagram of the earth as a sphere, as observed by the Dip Sector"

233

90. Showing the difference between theory and fact in regard to degrees of longitude

257

91.--Ditto

257

92.--The sea as observed from an eminence through a theodolite tube without lenses

266

93.--Collimation explained by experiment with a magnifying glass

267

94.--Showing arrangements for the experiments made by the party of gentlemen at Old Bedford Bridge on 5th March, 1870

269

95.--Old Bedford Bridge, and signal pole and signal flags, as seen through the Troughton level for three and six miles

272

96.--Showing what is the cause of the apparent rise of a plane or horizontal surface towards the axis of the eye

273

97.--Representing the horizontal surface of the sea, and the apparent ascent of the water

275

98.--The sun "skimming along to the eastward"

296

99.--An elliptical or circular racecourse

323

 

 


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