Dakshinamurti Stotra, translated by Alladi Mahadeva Sastri, [1920], at sacred-texts.com
Dakshinamurti Stotra, translated by Alladi Mahadeva Sastri, [1920], at sacred-texts.com
I. SANKARACHARYA'S DAKSHINAMURTI STOTRA AND SURESVARACHARYA'S MANASOLLASA WITH COMMENTS
INTRODUCTION
Para. 1. Love of God and Guru, the keynote of all revealed religions—2. Man's highest end—3. Man's evolution as an individual—4. Necessity for Revelation—5. Devotion to Guru necessary—6–7. Karmakanda and its lesson–8. Upasana-kanda and its lessons—9. Jnana-kanda—10–11. Devotion and knowledge—12. Origin and growth of Philosophy—13. Rise of Materialism—14. Intellectual speculation, orthodox and heterodox—15. Orthodox methods of intellectual speculation—16. The Tarkika's tenets—17. The Sankhya Doctrine—18. Buddhistic Doctrine—19. Doctrine of the Arhats—20. Reaction against pure intellectual speculation—21. Right method of interpreting the Veda—22. The Mimamsa Doctrine—23. The Vedanta and its several schools—24–25. The Advaita Doctrine—26. Absolute unity of the Self and Brahman taught in the Upanishads—27. Distinction between Jiva and Isvara is due to Maya—28. Jiva is one with I’svara—29. A’tman, the material cause of the universe—30. A’tman, the one Existence—31. Maya and Vidya—32. Maya defined—33. Yoga necessary for self-realisation—34–35. Substantial agreement among philosophers as to the essential nature of A’tman and the unreality of the universe—36. Conclusion.
pp. xix–lxxv.
Chapter I.
A’tman as the Ego
First Stanza of the Hymn—The purpose of the Hymn—The fundamental questions—The Universe exists in the Self The Universe shines by the light of the Self-Realisation of Non-duality—A’tman as I’svara and Jiva—I’svara is the Self in all—I’svara's consciousness is one and self-luminous—I’svara's activity—I’svara and Jiva differentiated by Upadhi—All differentiation due to Maya. pp. 1–16
Chapter II
A’tman as the First Cause
Second Stanza of the Hymn—Vaiseshika's Atomic theory—Vaiseshika's threefold cause—The Sankhya Theory—Refutation of the Atomic Theory—The Theory of Illusion—Intelligence and activity inhere only in the Sentient—The Vaiseshika's categories—The Sankhya's categories—The twenty-four Principles of the Theistic Sankhya—The twenty-four Principles of the Atheistic Sankhya—The Thirty Principles of the Pauranikas—The thirty-six Principles of S’aivagama—Vedic Doctrine of Maya—I’svara is not a mere efficient cause. pp. 17–52
Chapter III
Unity of A’tman
Third Stanza of the Hymn—Absolute unity of A’tman—Avidya, the cause of delusion—The body separates
[paragraph continues] Jiva from I’svara—Their unity taught in the S’ruti "That thou art"—The S’ruti points to no sort of distinction between Jiva and I’svara—A’tman identified with the body, etc, by ignorance—A’tman's manifestation in the five Kosas—Jiva and I’svara one in essence—Realisation of A’tman's unity leads to Liberation. pp. 53–73
Chapter IV
A’tman the one Existence and Light
Fourth Stanza of the Hymn—Objection to the Vedic doctrine of the one Existence and Light—External objects have no existence and light of their own—I’svara cognises and acts through Upadhi—The organ of cognition—Nadis, the vehicles of the sense-organs—Jagrat state—Svapna—Sushupti—A’tman is ever Sat-Chit-A’nanda—I’svara, the one Light and Existence—I’svara as the Ego. pp. 74–95
Chapter V
False Personations of A’tman
Fifth Stanza of the Hymn—A’tman identified with the physical body—A’tman identified with Prana—A’tman identified with sense-organs—The body, etc., cannot be A’tman—Why the body is not A’tman—Why the sense-organs cannot be A’tman—Why Prana is not A’tman—Why Buddhi is not A’tman—Why the aggregate of the body, etc. is not A’tman—A’tman is all-pervading—The Illusion. pp. 96–113
Chapter VI
A’tman the Eternal Existence
Sixth Stanza of the Hymn Buddhistic—Nihilism (Sunyavada)—Refutation of Nihilism—Refutation of the doctrine of the five Skandhas—Pratyabhijna is no illusion—A’tman's continuous existence, A’tman's true nature. pp. 114–130
Chapter VII
A’tman the Eternal Light
Seventh Stanza of the Hymn—Authority of Pratyabhijna questioned—Pratyabhijnana explained as a proof of A’tman's eternality—Adhyasa or Illusion. pp. 131–148
Chapter VIII
Maya
Eighth Stanza of the Hymn—What is Bondage, Liberation and Maya?—All experience is a fiction—Meaning of "Mithya"—Truth taught through fiction—Maya nullified by knowledge—Maya defined—Moksha is the eradication of Maya. pp. 149–158
Chapter IX
Devotion to I’svara
Ninth Stanza of the Hymn Maya ceases by Devotion—Devotion to Isvara in His visible forms Unity of Macrocosm and Microcosm—Devotion to I’svara
in the Microcosm leads to unity with the Macrocosm—Correspondences between Macrocosm and Microcosm, as to Earth, Water, Fire or Light, Air, A’kasa, the Sun, the Moon and the Soul—Samanaska-Yoga leads to the Amanaska—The eight steps of Yoga: (1) Yama, (2) Niyama, (3) A’sana, (4) Pranayama, (5) Pratyahara, (6) Dharana, (7) Dhyana, (8) Samadhi—Yoga, necessary for steadiness of Manas and Prana—Lambika-Yoga—Signs of perfection in Yoga I’svara's manifestation in Yoga—Manifestation of Pranava in Yoga—The Grace of God and Guru necessary. pp. 159–179
Chapter X
Perfection
Tenth Stanza of the Hymn—The Highest end—The Eight Siddhis—Glory of the Divine Contemplation—Love of God and Guru necessary for Wisdom. pp. 180–189
II. SURESVARCHARYA'S PRANAVA VARTIKA
Purpose of the tract—The Avyakrita—the Sutra or Hiranyagarbha. The three aspects of manifested Brahman—Visva and his unity with the Viraj—Taijasa and his unity with the Hiranyagarbha—Prajna and his unity with I’svara—The One Reality—Contemplation of A’tman by Pranava—Jivan-mukti—Conclusion. pp. 190–209
III. DAKSHINAMURTI-UPANISHAD
pp. 210