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p. v

CONTENTS

CHAPTER I.

PAGE

The Poems contained in the Four Ancient Books of Wales

1

CHAPTER II.

 

The Literature of Wales subsequent to the Twelfth Century

19

CHAPTER III.

 

Sources of the Early History of Wales

33

CHAPTER IV.

 

State of the Country in the Sixth Century, and its History prior to A.D. 560

42

CHAPTER V.

 

State of Britain in A.D. 560 when Gildas wrote, and Kings of the Line of DYFI 

61

CHAPTER VI.

 

MANAU GODODIN and the Picts

77

p. vi

 

CHAPTER VII.

 

The Races of Britain, and the Place of the Picts among them

97

CHAPTER VIII.

 

The Celtic Dialects and the Probable Character of the Pictish Language

120

CHAPTER IX.

 

The Celtic Topography of Scotland, and the Dialectic Differences indicated by it

141

CHAPTER X.

 

CUMBRIA and the Men of the North

165

CHAPTER XI.

 

Recent Criticism of the Mythological Poems examined

184

CHAPTER XII.

 

Recent Criticism of the Historical Poems examined

208

CHAPTER XIII.

 

True Place of the Poems in Welsh Literature

225

CHAPTER XIV.

 

Result of the Examination of the Poems, and their Classification

242

p. vii

TRANSLATION OF THE POEMS.

I.

HISTORICAL POEMS CONTAINING ALLUSIONS

TO EVENTS PRIOR TO A.D. 560.

 

A. POEMS REFERRING TO EARLY TRADITIONS.

PAGE

I.

Book of Taliessin LIV. The Reconciliation of Lludd the Less

253

II.

Book of Taliessin XLII. Death-song of Corroi, son of Dayry

254

III.

Book of Taliessin XL. Death-song of Erof

255

IV.

Book of Taliessin XLI.

256

V.

Book of Taliessin XLVI.

257

 

B. POEMS REFERRING TO ARTHUR THE GULEDIG.

 

VI.

Book of Taliessin XV. The Chair of the Sovereign

259

VII.

Black Book of Caermarthen

264

VIII.

Book of Taliessin XXX.

261

IX.

Black Book of Caermarthen Geraint, son of Erbin

266

"

Red Book of Hergest XIV.

"

 

C. POEMS REFERRING TO GWYDYON AP DON AND HIS GWYDDYL AND THE BRITHWYR.

 

X.

Book of Taliessin X. Daronwy

269

XI.

Book of Taliessin LII. The Praise of Lludd the Great

271

 

p. viii

 

XII.

Book of Taliessin XIV.

274

XIII.

Book of Taliessin viii. The Battle of Godeu

276

XIV.

Book of Taliessin I.

284

"

Red Book of Hergest XXIII.

"

XV.

Book of Taliessin XLIII. Death-song of Dylan son of the Wave

288

XVI.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXXV.

288

XVII.

Red Book of Hergest XXII.

290

 

D. POEM REFERRING TO GWYDDNO AND GWYNN AP NUDD.

 

XVIII.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXXIII.

293

 

E. POEMS REFERRING TO EARLY TRADITIONS WHICH BELONG TO A LATER SCHOOL.

 

XIX.

Book of Taliessin XVI. The Chair of Ceridwen

296

XX.

Book of Taliessin XLVIII. Death-song of Uthyr Pendragon

297

XXI.

Book of Taliessin XLV.

299

XXII.

Book of Taliessin XII. The Praise of Taliessin

300

XXIII.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXXVIII.

302

 

F. POEMS RELATING TO CITIES OF THE CYMRY AND THEIR LEGENDARY HEROES.

 

XXIV.

Black Book of Caermarthen XV.

303

XXV.

Book of Taliessin XXI.

303

"

Black Book of' Caermarthen

"

XXVI.

Black Book of Caermarthen VIII.

306

XXVIII.

Book of Taliessin XXV.

307

XXIX.

Black Book of Caermarthen XIX. The Verses of the Graves

309

p. ix

II.

HISTORICAL POEMS CONTAINING ALLUSIONS TO EVENTS SUBSEQUENT TO A.D. 560.

 

G. POEMS REFERRING TO WAR BETWEEN SONS OF LLYWARCH HEN AND MWG MAWR DREFYDD.

 

XXX.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXXIX. Names of the Sons of Llywarch Hen

319

XXXI.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXX.

321

XXXII.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXXIV.

325

XXXIII.

Red Book of Hergest XI.

326

 

H. POEMS RELATING TO GWALLAWG AP LLEENAWG.

 

XXXIV.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXXII.

336

XXXV.

Book of Taliessin XI.

337

XXXVI.

Book of Taliessin XXXVIII.

338

 

I. POEMS RELATING TO URIEN REGED.

 

XXXVII.

Red Book of Hergest XVII.

341

XXXVIII.

Book of Taliessin XXXI.

343

XXXIX.

Book of Taliessin XXXII.

344

XL.

Book of Taliessin XXXIII.

346

XLI.

Book of Taliessin XXXIV.

348

XLII.

Book of Taliessin XXXVI.

350

XLIII.

Book of Taliessin XXXIX. The Satisfaction of Urien

352

XLIV.

Book of Taliessin XXXVII. The Spoils of Taliessin, a Song to Urien

353

XLV.

Red Book of Hergest XII.

355

 

J. POEMS RELATING TO URIEN AND HIS SON OWEN.

 

XLVI.

Book of Taliessin XVIII.

363

p. x

 

 

XLVII.

Book of Taliessin XXXV. The Affair of Argoed Llwyfain

365

XLVIII.

Book of Taliessin XLIV. Death-song of Owain

366

 

K. POEMS RELATING TO THE BATTLE OF ARDDERYD.

 

XLIX.

Black Book of Caermarthen I.

368

L.

Black Book of Caermarthen XVII.

370

 

L. THE GODODIN POEMS.

 

LI.

Book of Aneurin I. The Gododin

374

LII.

Book of Aneurin II. The Gorchan of Tudvwich

410

LIII.

Book of Aneurin IV. The Gorchan of Cynvelyn

412

LIV.

Book of Aneurin V. The Gwarchan of Maelderw

414

LV.

Book of Taliessin XX. Song to Ale

427

 

M. POEMS RELATING TO CADWALLAWN

 

LVI.

Book of Taliessin XLIX.

431

LVII.

Book of Taliessin L.

432

LVIII.

Red Book of Hergest XV.

433

 

N. PREDICTIVE POEMS RELATING TO CADWALADYR.

 

LIX.

Book of Taliessin VI. The Omen of Prydein the Great

436

LX.

Book of Taliessin XLVII.

443

LXI.

Book of Taliessin LIII.

444

 

O. POEMS CONNECTED WITH POWYS.

 

LXII.

Book of Taliessin XXIII. Satire of Cynan Garwyn son of Brochwael

447

LXIII.

Red Book of Hergest XVI.

448

 

p. xi

 

 

P. POEMS WHICH MENTION HENRY, OR THE, SON OF HENRY.

 

LXIV.

Red Book of Hergest I. A Dialogue between Myrdin and his sister Gwendydd.

462

LXV.

Red Book of Hergest II. A Fugitive Poem of Myrdin in his Grave

478

LXVI.

Black Book of Caermarthen XVI.

481

LXVII.

Black Book of Caermarthen XVIII.

482

LXVIII.

Red Book of Hergest XX.

490

LXIX.

Red Book of Hergest XIX.

492

LXX.

Red Book of Hergest XXI.

493

III.

MISCELLANEOUS POEMS FROM THE BLACK BOOK OF CAERMARTHEN.

 

Q. POEMS ATTRIBUTED TO OTHER EARLY BARDS.

 

LXXI.

Black Book of Caermarthen II. Meigant

497

LXXII.

Black Book of Caermarthen III. Cuhelyn

498

LXXIII.

Black Book of Caermarthen IV.

500

LXXIV.

Black Book of Caermarthen XX. The Cynghogion of Elaeth

501

LXXV.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXI.

502

 

R. ANONYMOUS POEMS ON RELIGIOUS SUBJECTS.

 

LXXVI.

Black Book of Caermarthen V.

504

LXXVII.

Black Book of Caermarthen VI.

506

LXXVIII.

Black Book of Caermarthen VII.

506

LXXIX.

Black Book of Caermarthen IX.

508

LXXX.

Black Book of Caermarthen X.

510

LXXXI.

Black Book of Caermarthen XI.

511

LXXXII.

Black Book of Caermarthen XII.

512

p. xii

 

 

LXXXIII.

Black Book of Caermarthen XIII.

513

LXXXIV.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXV.

515

LXXXV.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXIX.

516

 

S. POEMS RELATING TO YSCOLAN.

 

LXXXVI.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXVI.

518

LXXXVII.

Black Book of Caermarthen XXVII.

519

IV.

MISCELLANEOUS POEMS FROM THE BOOK OF ANEURIN.

 

T. POEMS CONTAINING ANCIENT PROVERBS.

 

LXXXVIII.

Book of Aneurin III. The Gwarchan of Adebon

522

V.

MISCELLANEOUS POEMS FROM THE BOOK OF TALIESSIN.

 

U. POEMS RELATING TO THE LIFE AND OPINIONS OF TALIESSIN.

 

LXXXIX.

Book of Taliessin III. The Fold of the Bards

523

XC.

Book of Taliessin VII. Hostile Confederacy

525

XCI.

Book of Taliessin XVII. The Chair of Taliessin

533

XCII.

Book of Taliessin XVII. Song to the Wind

535

XCIII.

Book of Taliessin XIX. Song to Mead

538

XCIV.

Book of Taliessin LV. Song to the Great World

539

 

p. xiii

 

XCV.

Book of Taliessin LVI. Song to the Little World

541

XCVI.

Book of Taliessin IX. Juvenile Ornaments of Taliessin

542

XCVII.

Book of Taliessin II. The Elegy of the Thousand Sons

545

XCVIII.

Book of Taliessin IV. The Pleasant Things of Taliessin

550

XCIX.

Book of Taliessin V.

552

C.

Book of Taliessin XXVII.

557

 

V. POEMS RELATING TO JEWISH HISTORY.

 

CI.

Book of Taliessin XXII. The Plagues of Egypt

559

CII.

Book of Taliessin. XXIV. The Rod of Moses.

561

CIII.

Book of Taliessin XXIX.

563

CIV.

Book of Taliessin LI.

564

 

W. POEMS RELATING TO ALEXANDER THE GREAT.

 

CV.

Book of Taliessin XXVI. The Contrived World

566

CVI.

Book of Taliessin XXVIII

567

VI.

MISCELLANEOUS POEMS FROM THE RED BOOK OF HERGEST.

 

X. POEMS ATTRIBUTED TO LLYWARCH HEN.

 

CVII.

Red Book of Hergest V.

569

CVIII.

Red Book of Hergest VI.

571

CIX.

Red Book of Hergest VII.

573

 

p. xiv

 

CX.

Red Book of Hergest VIII.

574

CXI.

Red Book of Hergest IX.

576

CXII.

Red Book of Hergest X.

580

CXIII.

Red Book of Hergest XIII.

584

 

Y. POEMS BEGINNING "EIRY MYNYD."

 

CXIV.

Red Book of Hergest IV.

586

CXV.

Red Book of Hergest III.

590

 

Z. POEMS ON VARIOUS SUBJECTS.

 

CXVI.

Red Book of Hergest XVIII.

595

CXVII.

Red Book of Hergest XXIV. The Viaticum of Llevoed Wynebglawr

596

 

 

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Map of Prydyn or Y Gogled

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